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Our National Father Dr.Sun Yat-sen established the Constitution of Five-power. Based on the principal of differentiating power and function, the power of the country is divided into political power and governing power. The political power is exercised by the commonwealth to manage the government; the governing power is the power of the government, which is used to manage the country. The system gives commonwealth power and gives the government function. The power and function is divided and balanced, fully displaying the characteristics of a commonwealth-omnipotence Constitutional government.
The Constitution of the Republic of China, according to the Power-function division principal of our National Father, has established the National Assembly as the organ of state power to exercise state power on behalf of the commonwealth. According to the spirit of Five-power division, the Constitution established five institutions in the central government, they are: Executive Yuan, Legislative Yuan, Judicial Yuan, Examination Yuan, and Control Yuan. These are the highest institutions through which the government exercises governing power and achieve the effect of balancing with political power.
According to the theory of power-function division, the organ of state power represents the sovereignty of the state, but does not take charge of the day-to-day government affairs of the state. It uses voting rights, right of recall, initiative, and r to supervise the government and ensure the quality of its policies and legislation. It also determines the election and dismissal of important government officials. As for government affairs, they are totally put in the hands of the five governing institutions, to enable them with sufficient decision-making power to create an omnipotent government and work for the well-being of the commonwealth. The relationship of the Five-power political system is displayed in the chart below:
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